A Concise Manual of Pathogenic Microbiology

<p>Preface xi</p>
<p>About the Authors xiii</p>
<p>1 Introduction 1</p>
<p>Koch s Postulate 2</p>
<p>Terminology 3</p>
<p>Major Categories of Pathogenic Microorganisms 4</p>
<p>Transmission of Infectious Disease (Mode of Dissemination) 5</p>
<p>Universal Precautions 6</p>
<p>2 Host–Microbe Interactions 9</p>
<p>Resident Microbiota 9</p>
<p>Host Defenses 11</p>
<p>3 Antibiotics and Other Chemotherapeutic Agents 17</p>
<p>Classification of Antibiotics 17</p>
<p>Summary of the Mechanisms of Action 24</p>
<p>4 Antiseptics and Disinfectants 25</p>
<p>Physical Control of Microorganisms 25</p>
<p>Chemical Control of Microorganisms 27</p>
<p>5 Gram–Positive Cocci 31</p>
<p>Bacterial Taxonomy (An Overview) 31</p>
<p>Clinically Important Gram–Positive Cocci 32</p>
<p>Gram–Positive Cocci Related to Streptococcus Species 38</p>
<p>6 Gram–Positive Bacilli 41</p>
<p>Clostridium Species 41</p>
<p>Lactobacillus Species 46</p>
<p>Bacillus Species 46</p>
<p>Listeria Species 49</p>
<p>7 Gram–Positive Bacteria with Rudimentary Filaments 53</p>
<p>Corynebacterium diphtheriae 53</p>
<p>Mycobacterium Species 54</p>
<p>8 Gram–Negative Cocci 61</p>
<p>Neisseria Species 61</p>
<p>Moraxella catarrhalis 64</p>
<p>Haemophilus influenzae 65</p>
<p>An Overview of Gram–Negative Bacteria 67</p>
<p>9 Gram–Negative Bacilli 69</p>
<p>Specimen Collection 69</p>
<p>Media and Laboratory Diagnosis 69</p>
<p>Enterobacteriaceae 71</p>
<p>Glucose Nonfermenters 78</p>
<p>Uncommon Nonfermentative Taxa 81</p>
<p>10 Miscellaneous Gram–Negative Bacteria 83</p>
<p>Brucella melitensis 83</p>
<p>Bordetella pertussis 85</p>
<p>Francisella tularensis 86</p>
<p>Pasteurella Species 87</p>
<p>Vibrio cholerae 88</p>
<p>Aeromonas Species 90</p>
<p>Campylobacter Species 90</p>
<p>Legionella Species 92</p>
<p>Gardnerella vaginalis 93</p>
<p>Chlamydia Species 94</p>
<p>Rickettsia rickettsii 95</p>
<p>Bacteroides Species 96</p>
<p>Calymmatobacterium granulomatis 96</p>
<p>Cardiobacterium hominis 96</p>
<p>Streptobacillus moniliformis 96</p>
<p>Spirillum minus 97</p>
<p>11 Spirochetes and Bacteria without a Cell Wall 99</p>
<p>Spirochetes 99</p>
<p>Bacteria without a Cell Wall 103</p>
<p>12 Actinomycetes 107</p>
<p>Anaerobic Actinomycetes 108</p>
<p>Aerobic Actinomycetes 108</p>
<p>Thermophilic Actinomycetes 112</p>
<p>13 Introduction to Pathogenic Fungi and Superficial Mycoses 113</p>
<p>Yeast–Like Fungi 113</p>
<p>Molds or Filamentous Fungi 114</p>
<p>Dimorphic Fungi 114</p>
<p>Superficial Mycoses 115</p>
<p>Mucocutaneous Mycoses 121</p>
<p>14 Subcutaneous and Systemic Mycoses 125</p>
<p>Subcutaneous Mycoses 125</p>
<p>Systemic Mycoses 127</p>
<p>Diseases Caused by Dimorphic Fungi 127</p>
<p>Diseases Caused by Yeast–Like Fungi 135</p>
<p>Diseases Caused by Filamentous Fungi 138</p>
<p>Diseases Caused by Miscellaneous Filamentous Fungi 143</p>
<p>15 Unicellular Parasites 145</p>
<p>Laboratory Methods in Parasitology 145</p>
<p>Diseases Caused by Lumen–Dwelling Protozoa 146</p>
<p>Blood– and Tissue–Dwelling Protozoa 149</p>
<p>16 Multicellular Parasites 155</p>
<p>Lumen–Dwelling Helminths 155</p>
<p>Blood– and Tissue–Dwelling Helminths 161</p>
<p>17 Viruses and Prions 165</p>
<p>Laboratory Diagnosis 166</p>
<p>Double–Stranded DNA Viruses 166</p>
<p>Single–Stranded DNA Viruses 171</p>
<p>Double–Stranded RNA Viruses 171</p>
<p>Single–Stranded RNA Viruses 171</p>
<p>Prions 179</p>
<p>Bibliography and Suggested Reading 181</p>
<p>Index 185</p>