Ecophysiology of the Camelidae and Desert Ruminants

Paperback Engels 2011 9783642744853
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Samenvatting

I have spent less time in the arid zone in the last few years than I did during the 1960's, 1970's and early 1980's. This results from a progression through age and a career structure which gradually shifted the emphasis of my work from being essentially field-oriented to essentially office-hound. When, therefore, I was asked by John Cloudsley-Thompson to undertake the writing of this hook I hesitated for two reasons. One reason was that, although I now had access to good library facilities and kept up with the literature on the arid zones and their fauna, I was not sure that a sedentary and pleasant life in a temperate highland island in tropieal Africa would provide a mental attitude suitable to writing a hook which related to areas where life is usually nomadie and often extremely disagreeable. The other reason was that I was uncertain whether I could devote the time necessary to researehing and writing the hook on top of my professional (which now specifical­ ly excluded research in the arid zones and on camels) and social (new-found and time-consuming) commitments. In the event I accepted and the fates were kind to me. By some peculiar combination of circumstances I was given the opportunity to spend a considerable part of the first half of 1988 in some of the driest areas of the globe. I had already visited all of the locations used for the construction of Fig. 2.

Specificaties

ISBN13:9783642744853
Taal:Engels
Bindwijze:paperback
Aantal pagina's:120
Uitgever:Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Druk:0

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Inhoudsopgave

1 Introduction.- 2 Deserts and the Desert Environment.- 2.1 Climate.- 2.2 Desert Types and Locations.- 2.3 Life in Deserts.- 3 Temperature and Heat Relations.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Bradymetaboly in the Dromedary.- 3.3 Domesticated Small Ruminants.- 3.3.1 Sheep.- 3.3.2 Goats.- 3.4 Wild Ruminants.- 3.4.1 Oryx and Eland.- 3.4.2 Springbok.- 3.4.3 Dorcas Gazelle.- 3.4.4 Grant’s Gazelle and Thomson’s Gazelle.- 3.4.5 Dik-dik.- 3.4.6 Other Species.- 3.5 Independence of Brain and Body Temperatures and Counter-current Cooling.- 3.6 Pelage Characteristics.- 4 Water Balance and Kidney Function.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Water Requirements.- 4.2.1 Sources of Water.- 4.2.2 Dehydration and Rehydration.- 4.2.3 Effects of Dehydration on Appetite.- 4.3 Water Turnover.- 4.4 Water Loss.- 4.4.1 Respiratory Evaporation.- 4.4.2 Cutaneous Evaporation.- 4.4.3 Faeces.- 4.4.4 Urine and Kidney Function.- 4.4.5 Lactation.- 5 Nutrition.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Structure and Function of the Digestive System of the Camelidae.- 5.2.1 The Buccal Cavity.- 5.2.2 Pharynx and Oesophagus.- 5.2.3 Stomach.- 5.2.4 Intestines.- 5.2.5 Liver, Pancreas and Spleen.- 5.3 Nutritional Physiology of Camelids.- 5.3.1 Motility.- 5.3.2 Movement of Digesta.- 5.3.3 Retention Time.- 5.3.4 Rumination.- 5.3.5 Rumen Chemistry.- 5.4 Domestic Small Ruminants.- 5.5 Wild Ruminants.- References.

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        Ecophysiology of the Camelidae and Desert Ruminants